2003 · 539 citations · 0 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringPower ElectronicsRenewable Energy IntegrationRenewable Energy SystemsConverter TopologiesPower Electronics For Renewable EnergyPower SystemsRenewable EnergyRenewable Energy Power ConversionSolar Photovoltaic SystemsGrid-connected InvertersGrid-connected Photovoltaic SystemsIndustry Standards FrameworksInverter SystemsInvertersPhotovoltaic InvertersSingle-phase InvertersSwitching Devices
An overview on developments and a summary of the state-of-the-art of inverter technology in Europe for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems for power levels up to 5 kW is provided in this paper. The information includes details not only on the topologies commercially available but also on the switching devices employed and the associated switching frequencies, efficiency, price trends and market share. Finally, the paper outlines issues associated with the development of relevant international industry standards affecting PV inverter technology.