Effects of Several Virucidal Agents on Inactivation of Influenza, Newcastle Disease, and Avian Infectious Bronchitis Viruses in the Allantoic Fluid of Chicken Eggs

Abstract

General theories on the inactivation of viruses in the presence of a concentrated protein, such as the allantoic fluid of chicken eggs, are not useful. That is, although sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide are generally known as strong virucidal agents, they do not sufficiently inactivate viruses in allantoic fluid. We found that benzalkonium chloride (BC) is an effective virucidal agent against influenza, Newcastle disease, and avian infectious bronchitis viruses even in the presence of a concentrated protein. BC is easily biodegradable by activated sludge and is not very harmful to humans. We strongly recommend BC as a useful virucidal agent, especially in the manufacture of vaccines for these viruses.