Neuroendocrine tumours of the small bowel: interpretation of raised circulating chromogranin A, urinary 5 hydroxy indole acetic acid and circulating neurokinin A

Abstract

CGA remains the best general circulating marker for NETs although only half of raised test results are due to an NET. U-5HIAA is an excellent marker for small bowel and lung NETs with 80% of high test results confirming these diagnoses. NKA is the most specific biomarker for small bowel NETs.