Occurrence of dwarf virus of winter wheat and barley in several regions of Slovakiaduring the growing seasons 2001-2004

Abstract

The aim of the study was to monitor the incidence and to detect the presence of viruses of yellow dwarfness in barley (BYDV-PAV, BYDV-RMV), of yellow dwarfness in cereals (CYDV-RPV) and dwarfness in wheat (WDV) in stands of winter wheat and winter barley in Slovakia. During the period 2001-2004 a total of 292 samples coming from 150 localities were analyzed. This involved 190 samples of winter wheat (39 varieties and 13 breeding lines) and 102 samples of winter barley (17 varieties and 7 breeding lines). The detection of viruses was carried out with the aid of the method DAS and TAS ELISA. During the years surveyed, the occurrence of the various viruses differed. In 2001, the most represented virus proved to be the WDV (68%); in 2002, it was the strain PAV of the virus BYDV (93%); in 2003, the most numerous were the virus WDV (71%) and the strain PAV of virus BYDV (67%). Similarly, in 2004, two viruses were represented about evenly, WDV and BYDV-PAV (75%). The more frequent of the two species was the virus BYDV, with the strain BYDV-PAV predominating. The intensity of viral infection of stand cereals differed during the experimental years, being highest in 2002 when the blight occurred both locally and also on a large-scale. The highest frequency of the disease was in Western and Eastern Slovakia.