Pediatric Thyroid Eye Disease—The Singapore Experience

Abstract

Clinical manifestations in pediatric TED are relatively mild and respond well to conservative therapy. Orbital decompression is rarely required but may be considered in children with severe proptosis. Mean exophthalmometry values are lower in East-Asian pediatric TED as compared to Caucasians. Symptomatic acquired epiblepharon, usually associated with keratopathy, is commonly seen in East-Asian pediatric TED; thus, increased awareness among ophthalmologists and pediatricians should be emphasized.