Plant and Cell Physiology · 2001 · 408 citations · 36 references
Life SciencesPlant BiologyPlant SciencesPlant BiochemistryPlant Molecular BiologySignal TransductionCytokinin BiologyEthylene BiologyPlant Hormone PhysiologyPlant Hormone SignalingProtein Kinase CascadesSignal Transduction In PlantsCytokinin Receptor Histidine KinasesCytokinin ReceptorsCytokinin Response RegulatorsCytokinin ResponsesCytokinin Signal TransductionCytokinin Signaling PathwaysEscherichia ColiPhytohormone Regulation
His-to-Asp (His-->Asp) phosphorelay mechanisms are presumably involved in propagation of certain environmental stimuli, including phytohormones, in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition to the previously characterized His-kinases, namely, the ETR1 family of ethylene receptors, CKI1 cytokinin-sensor, and ATHK1 osomo-sensor, this higher plant has three more His-kinases (named AHK2, AHK3, and AHK4). By employing the well-known His-->Asp phosphorelay systems in both the fission yeast and Escherichia coli, evidence is presented showing that the AHK4 His-kinase has an ability to serve as a cytokinin-responsive environmental sensor. Taking advantage of this AHK4-dependent His-->Asp phosphorelay system in E. coli, a phosphorelay interaction between the Arabidopsis His-kinase and histidine-containing phosphotransmitters (AHPs) was also demonstrated for the first time.
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Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4
Ulrich K. Laemmli · Nature · 1970 · 251.6K citations