A unified description for dipoles of the fine-structure constant and SnIa Hubble diagram in Finslerian universe

Abstract

We propose a Finsler spacetime scenario of the anisotropic universe. The Finslerian universe requires both the fine-structure constant and the accelerating cosmic expansion to have a dipole structure and the directions of these two dipoles to be the same. Our numerical results show that the dipole direction of the SnIa Hubble diagram locates at $$(l,b)=(314.6^\circ \pm 20.3^\circ ,-11.5^\circ \pm 12.1^\circ )$$ with magnitude $$B=(-3.60\pm 1.66)\times 10^{-2}$$ . The dipole direction of the fine-structure constant locates at $$(l,b)=(333.2^\circ \pm \, 8.8^\circ ,-12.7^\circ \pm \, 6.3^\circ )$$ with magnitude $$B=(0.97\pm 0.21)\times 10^{-5}$$ . The angular separation between the two dipole directions is about $$18.2^\circ $$ .