A strategy of load leveling by charging and discharging time control of electric vehicles

Abstract

By ZEV regulation of the California government in 1992, not only The United States but also many developing countries are interested in replacing gasoline cars by electric vehicles (EV). The electric utility expects that the electric vehicle improves the difference between the daytime and nighttime of recent demand as a new market of electric power demand. There are some reports that indicate on the danger which generates the new peaks as the electric vehicles spread through the market in charging start hour. As a countermeasure for avoiding this problem, the authors propose that (1) the regional charging time shift method is introduced in the midnight charging time zone, and (2) inverse load flow by the discharge of the contract private use EV is carried out as an energy shift in daytime, in this paper. Therefore, the actual energy consumption of the automobile was investigated, and future demand is predicted by the mathematical consumption modeling. Especially, it shows a strategy of optimum introduction on scheme and rate of electric vehicle for effective energy shift. The authors point out the necessity of market regulation for an electric vehicle.