Reactive power pricing in deregulated environments using novel search methods

Abstract

In This work two novel search methods for solving optimal power flow (OPF) have been presented and compared. Electricity is undergoing a restructuring process, moving from integrated environment towards deregulation and reduced regulation all around the world. Electrical energy markets are going to be created as a consequence of this process. In order to meet technical issues, system operator need to apply some ancillary services. Reactive power is one of the most important ancillary services, which should be injected to power network in order to decrease the total loss and control the voltage profile. The main goal of this study is to present a method based on a locational marginal price (LMP) concept to obtain the unit price of reactive power in each bus. These methods are tested on 5-bus and 14-bus IEEE standard networks.