Separation Science and Technology · 2006 · 112 citations · 148 references
EngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringMicrobiologyBioprocess EngineeringBioreactor DesignWastewater TreatmentBiological Treatment ProcessesBioreaction EngineeringMembrane Bioreactor SystemsMembrane FiltrationMembrane FoulingSludge TreatmentBiofoulingBiological TreatmentMembrane BiofoulingMembrane Bioreactor ProcessesMunicipal Wastewater ManagementMunicipal Wastewater TreatmentOperational CriteriaProcess Parameters
Abstract A membrane bioreactor (MBR) combines membrane separation and biological treatment, normally involving the activated sludge process, in municipal wastewater treatment. Despite excellent performance over years of full‐scale operation, the interactions between microbes and the membrane in the MBR process, which determine its design and operational criteria, remain unclear. This report reviewed research regarding how numerous process parameters impact biofouling rates and, in particular, the possible contribution of microbial products to biofouling. This study also characterized different fractions of microbial products and assessed their potential affect on membrane fouling.
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Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling
Robert W. Field, Dan Wu, John Howell et al. · Journal of Membrane Science · 1995 · 1.4K citations
Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering +11
J. W. Costerton, Gill G. Geesey, K.-J. Cheng · Scientific American · 1978 · 1.4K citations