Infection and Immunity · 1974 · 22 citations · 10 references
Veterinary MedicineInfectious DiseasesMicrobiologyImmunizationMedical MicrobiologyVaccinologyBacterial InfectionsMucosal ImmunizationMucosal VaccinesOral Microbial VirulenceVaccinationVaccine-preventable DiseasesClinical Effectiveness CriteriaClinical Effectiveness MeasurementMucosal Immunization Against Enteric PathogensMucosal Vaccine EfficacyVibrio GastroenteritisVibrio Infections
El Tor Ogawa C14-S5 and EW-6, two live vaccine candidate strains, were given to volunteers in varying doses with and without bicarbonate. Vibrios were found in the stool of one of 32 men given the vaccine strain, and only three men developed a significant titer rise (fourfold or greater) at 2 weeks of vibriocidal or antitoxic antibody. Five men who had previously received 10(9) organisms of the C14-S5 strain were challenged subsequently with virulent Ogawa 395 Vibrio cholerae. The rate of clinical infection in these men was no different than in unvaccinated controls. It was demonstrated that the live oral cholera vaccines did not remain viable in the intestine long enough to act antigenically.
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W. Henry Mosley, William E. Woodward, K. M. A. Aziz et al. · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · 1970 · 77 citations
Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Preventive Medicine +9
A Prototype Live Oral Cholera Vaccine
Bruce D. Howard · Nature · 1971 · 35 citations