Compassionate love for close others and humanity

TLDR

The study developed a Compassionate Love scale to assess compassionate or altruistic love toward close others and humanity. The scale was developed and piloted with 529 participants, then validated across three studies totaling 700 participants, including a relationship‑specific version that linked love for a close other to providing social support. Compassionate love was positively linked to prosocial behavior toward close others and humanity, was higher among more religious or spiritual individuals, was distinct from empathy, and for a specific close other predicted provision of social support.

Abstract

A compassionate love scale was developed that can be used, in alternative forms, to assess compassionate or altruistic love for different targets (e.g., close others and all of humankind). Using three samples (total N= 529), the Compassionate Love scale was developed and piloted. Three studies (total N = 700) were then conducted to provide validation of the scale and to examine correlates of compassionate love. In support of our predictions, compassionate love was found to be associated positively with prosocial behavior, as directed both to close others and to all of humanity. Those who were more religious or spiritual experienced more compassionate love than those who were less religious or spiritual. Evidence was found that compassionate love is distinct from empathy. In the final study, we introduced a relationship-specific version of the Compassionate Love scale, and found that compassionate love for a specific close other was associated with the provision of social support for that person.