Demand Side Management: Demand Response, Intelligent Energy Systems, and Smart Loads

TLDR

Energy management optimizes the complex energy system, and while generation and distribution have been well studied, the demand side is increasingly focused on by research and industry. The paper provides an overview, taxonomy, and outlook on DSM types and demonstration projects. DSM comprises measures such as energy‑efficiency upgrades, incentive‑based tariffs, and real‑time control of distributed resources, and the paper outlines a taxonomy, analyzes DSM types, and reviews recent demonstration projects.

Abstract

Energy management means to optimize one of the most complex and important technical creations that we know: the energy system. While there is plenty of experience in optimizing energy generation and distribution, it is the demand side that receives increasing attention by research and industry. Demand Side Management (DSM) is a portfolio of measures to improve the energy system at the side of consumption. It ranges from improving energy efficiency by using better materials, over smart energy tariffs with incentives for certain consumption patterns, up to sophisticated real-time control of distributed energy resources. This paper gives an overview and a taxonomy for DSM, analyzes the various types of DSM, and gives an outlook on the latest demonstration projects in this domain.