Nonanatomic Tunnel Position in Traditional Transtibial Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Evaluated by Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography

Abstract

Transtibial anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failed to accurately place femoral and tibial tunnels within the native anterior cruciate ligament insertion site. If anatomical graft placement is desired, transtibial techniques should be performed only after careful identification of the native insertions. If anatomical positioning of the femoral tunnel cannot be achieved, then an alternative approach may be indicated.