Consideration of 180 Cases of Typical Fractures of the Mandibular Condylar Process

Abstract

Summary Fracture of the mandibular condylar process has been discussed with a view to formulating some opinion with regard to lines of fracture, consideration of the various positions taken up by the condyle in relationship to the mandible proper, and evaluation of the methods of treatment available which will give rise to the most completely stable, functional joint thereafter. A series of 180 cases has been examined for this purpose, and the main findings are:- 1.Most fractures of the mandibular condyle involve the neck and run downwards and backwards from the sigmoid notch—low condylar fractures. 2.High condylar fractures are usually associated with a fracture-dislocation of the head of the condyle, or are found in children. 3.Children below the age of 5 years would appear to be more prone to permanent growth changes following fracture of the condylar process. Such damage to the condylar growth centre is found to diminish in direct ratio to the age of the patient over the age of 5 years. 4.In diagnosis the position of the condylar process should always be considered in relationship to the remainder of the mandible. 5.Early re-establishment of normal occlusion should be the primary aim in planning treatment. 6.Regardless of the mode of treatment adopted, union of the fibrous or osseous type is generally established. The period of fixation, therefore, should not be unduly prolonged, provided a sound occlusion and an adequate range of mandibular movement are ensured. 7.Complications arising from fractures of the mandibular condyle are conspicuous by their absence.