Passive parameterized time-domain macromodels for high-speed transmission-line networks

TLDR

Efficient, accurate macromodels are essential for microwave circuit design, yet increased integration and signal speeds demand inclusion of previously neglected effects, whose accurate prediction requires solving large, CPU‑intensive systems. The authors propose an algorithm to generate passive, parameterized macromodels of large linear networks that accurately reproduce the original network’s time‑domain behavior and design‑parameter dependence. The algorithm incorporates design parameters directly into the reduced model, enabling efficient simulation of varying circuit conditions. The reduced models are less than 5 % of the original size, yielding an order‑of‑magnitude speedup for typical high‑speed transmission‑line networks, and the approach generalizes to other domains such as thermal analysis.

Abstract

There is a significant need for efficient and accurate macromodels of components during the design of microwave circuits. Increased integration levels in microwave devices and higher signal speeds have produced the need to include effects previously neglected during circuit simulations. Accurate prediction of these effects involve solution of large systems of equations, the direct simulation of which is prohibitively CPU expensive. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to form passive parametrized macromodels of large linear networks that match the characteristics of the original network in time, as well as other design parameters of the circuit. A novel feature of the algorithm is the ability to incorporate a set of design parameters within the reduced model. The size of the reduced models obtained using the proposed algorithm were less than 5% when compared to the original circuit. A speedup of an order of magnitude was observed for typical high-speed transmission-line networks. The algorithm is general and can be applied to other disciplines such as thermal analysis.