Taxonomy, biogeography and DNA barcodes of<i>Geodia</i>species (Porifera, Demospongiae, Tetractinellida) in the Atlantic boreo-arctic region

Abstract

Geodia species north of 60N in the Atlantic appeared in the literature for the first time when Bowerbank described Geodia barretti and G. macandrewii in 1858 from western Norway. Since then, a number of species have been based on material from various parts of the region: G. simplex, Isops phlegraei, I. pallida, I. sphaeroides, Synops pyriformis, G. parva, G. normani, G. atlantica, Sidonops mesotriaena (now called G. hentscheli), and G. simplicissima