Evaluation of Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield, Yield Components and Growth of Maize

Abstract

Abstract: In order to evaluation of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and some other traits of Maize (Zea mays) in Ardabil region, Iran, an split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications in 2006. Main- plots were allocated to nitrogen levels 1 2 (0, 75 and 150 kg ha) and sub-plots to plant densities (7, 9 and 11 plant m). Results showed that increase in density resulted in increase in yield per hectare and decrease in yield and yield components per plant. Also, increase in nitrogen application led to increase in yield and yield components. With increasing nitrogen level, leaf appearance rate was increased and Phyllochron was decreased. Also, with increasing density, Phyllochron was increased and leaf appearance rate was decreased. The highest leaf appearance rate and the shortest time 2 1 for Phyllochron was obtained at 7 plant m and 150 kg ha nitrogen treatment. Vegetative growth period was increased as a result of increase in density and nitrogen. Time of appearance of pollens was decreased with 2 1 increasing density and at 11 plant m and 150 kg ha nitrogen, this time was longer than other treatments. Flowering conformity period was decreased with increasing density and nitrogen had no significant effect on 2 1 this trait and the longest period was related to 7 plant m and 75 kg ha nitrogen. Totally, with increasing density and nitrogen, yield of Maize was increased. Key words: Phyllochron Leaf appearance rate Flowering conformity period Maize and Yield