Clinical and Immunologic Effects of Intranodal Autologous Tumor Lysate-Dendritic Cell Vaccine with Aldesleukin (Interleukin 2) and IFN-α2a Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients

Abstract

The clinical and immunologic responses observed in this trial suggest an interaction between DC vaccination and cytokine therapy. Our data support the hypothesis that modulation of inflammatory, regulatory, and angiogenic pathways are necessary to optimize therapeutic benefit in renal cell carcinoma patients. Further exploration of this approach is warranted.