Magnetic Metamaterials at Telecommunication and Visible Frequencies

TLDR

Gold split‑ring arrays with 50‑nm features and an LC resonance at 200 THz (1.5 µm) were fabricated. The structures exhibit a pronounced fundamental magnetic mode at normal incidence via electric coupling, a magnetic‑component coupling at oblique incidence, a higher‑order magnetic resonance near 370 THz (800 nm) emerging from a Mie resonance, and theoretical comparison confirms negative magnetic permeability.

Abstract

Arrays of gold split rings with a 50-nm minimum feature size and with an $LC$ resonance at 200 THz frequency ($1.5\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ wavelength) are fabricated. For normal-incidence conditions, they exhibit a pronounced fundamental magnetic mode, arising from a coupling via the electric component of the incident light. For oblique incidence, a coupling via the magnetic component is demonstrated as well. Moreover, we identify a novel higher-order magnetic resonance at around 370 THz (800 nm wavelength) that evolves out of the Mie resonance for oblique incidence. Comparison with theory delivers good agreement and also shows that the structures allow for a negative magnetic permeability.