Structural and Morphological Control of Cationic Surfactant-Templated Mesoporous Silica

TLDR

Micelle‑templated mesoporous silica is increasingly important for hosting reactants or catalysts, and precise control of pore size, wall structure, surface functionalization, defects, and morphology is essential to tailor these nanoreactors. The review examines the physical chemistry of solution silicate species and surfactants in mesoporous silica synthesis. Synthesis strategies are governed by surfactant packing and liquid crystalline phase transformations, enabling tailored mesoporous structures. Post‑synthesis treatments enhance the stability of mesoporous materials.

Abstract

Micelle-templated mesoporous silica materials are rapidly becoming important in many fields of chemistry for hosting reactants or catalysts in confined space. Fine control of the pore size, wall structure, surface functionalization, defects, and morphology is needed for fine-tuning the pores as nanoreactors. We review the physical chemistry of solution silicate species and surfactants in the synthesis of mesoporous silicas. Controls in surfactant packing and liquid crystalline phase transformation can lead to various tailored synthesis strategies. Postsynthesis treatments further make more stable mesoporous materials.