Movement Disorders · 2007 · 342 citations · 11 references
MedicineNeurologyNeuroscienceCognitive NeurologyDementiaNeuropsychiatryCognitive AssessmentCognitive DeclineCognitive Function AssessmentCognitive ImpairmentNeurocognitive AssessmentNeurological AssessmentCognitive Decline DetectionCognitive Impairment DetectionCognitive Impairment EvaluationCognitive Status AssessmentDementia ScreeningEarly Detection Of DementiaMental State ExaminationMild Cognitive Impairment Diagnosis
Dementia is an important and increasingly recognized problem in Parkinson's disease (PD). The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) often fails to detect early cognitive decline. The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) is a brief tool developed to detect mild cognitive impairment that assesses a broader range of domains frequently affected in PD. The scores on the MMSE and the MoCA were compared in 88 patients with PD. A pronounced ceiling effect was observed with the MMSE but not with the MoCA. The range and standard deviation of scores was larger with the MoCA(7-30, 4.26) than with the MMSE(16-30, 2.55). The percentage of subjects scoring below a cutoff of 26/30 (used by others to detect mild cognitive impairment) was higher on the MoCA (32%) than on the MMSE (11%) (P < 0.000002). Compared to the MMSE, the MoCA may be a more sensitive tool to identify early cognitive impairment in PD.
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Marshal F. Folstein, Susan E. Folstein, Paul R. McHugh · Journal of Psychiatric Research · 1975 · 86.9K citations
Risk of dementia in Parkinson’s disease
Dag Aarsland, Kjeld Andersen, Jan Larsen et al. · Neurology · 2001 · 707 citations