10-ms 18-Band Quasi-ANSI S1.11 1/3-Octave Filter Bank for Digital Hearing Aids

Abstract

The ANSI S1.11 1/3-octave filter bank is suitable for digital hearing aids, but its large group delay and high computational complexity complicate matters considerably. This study presents a 10-ms 18-band quasi-ANSI S1.11 1/3-octave filter bank for processing 24 kHz audio signals. We first discuss a filter order optimization algorithm to define the quasi-ANSI filters. The group delay constraint of filters is limited to 10 ms. The proposed design adopts an efficient prescription-fitting algorithm to reduce inter-band interference, enabling the proposed quasi-ANSI filter bank to compensate any type of hearing loss (HL) using the NAL-NL1 or HSE prescription formulas. Simulation results reveal that the maximum matching error in the prescriptions of the mild HL, moderate HL, and severe-to-profound HL is less than 1.5 dB. This study also investigates the complexity-effective multirate IFIR quasi-ANSI filter bank. For an 18-band digital hearing aid with a 24 kHz sampling rate, the proposed architecture eliminates approximately 93% of the multiplications and up to 74% of the storage elements, compared with a parallel FIR filters architecture. The proposed analysis filter bank (AFB) was designed in UMC 90 nm CMOS high-VT technology, and on the basis of post-layout simulations, it consumes 73 μW (@V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> =1 V). By voltage scaling (to 0.6 V), the simulation results show that the power consumption decreases to 27 μW, which is approximately 30% of that consumed by the most energy-efficient AFB available in the literature for use in hearing aids.