Recent developments in second and foreign language listening comprehension research

TLDR

Listening comprehension is central to language learning yet remains the least understood and researched skill. This paper synthesizes recent research and developments in second‑ and foreign‑language listening. The authors review cognitive and social factors influencing listening, summarize studies on perception and metacognitive skills, present an integrated teaching model, and discuss research on multimedia, academic listening, and assessment. They conclude by urging more in‑depth studies that explore the interactions among processes and factors that enable successful L2 listening.

Abstract

Listening comprehension lies at the heart of language learning, but it is the least understood and least researched skill. This paper brings together recent research and developments in the field of second and foreign language (L2) listening. It begins with a brief discussion of the different cognitive and social factors that impact listening, followed by a summary of recent research into the development of perception skills and metacognitive knowledge. An integrated model for teaching learners how to listen is then elaborated. In addition, recent research on listening in multimedia environments, academic listening and listening assessment is presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of areas for further research, arguing that the process of listening needs more research attention with in-depth studies that probe deeper into the interaction of the processes and factors that influence successful L2 listening.