ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS: The Taylor-Melcher Leaky Dielectric Model

TLDR

Electrohydrodynamics studies fluid motion induced by electric fields, and the leaky dielectric model introduced by Taylor and expanded by Melcher explains droplet deformation under steady fields. This review examines the foundations of the leaky dielectric model and experimental tests probing its usefulness. The review focuses on the model’s theoretical foundations and the design of experiments to test its predictions. Early experiments supported qualitative aspects but lacked quantitative agreement; recent studies show better alignment, and even with suspensions the model remains broadly applicable.

Abstract

▪ Abstract Electrohydrodynamics deals with fluid motion induced by electric fields. In the mid 1960s GI Taylor introduced the leaky dielectric model to explain the behavior of droplets deformed by a steady field, and JR Melcher used it extensively to develop electrohydrodynamics. This review deals with the foundations of the leaky dielectric model and experimental tests designed to probe its usefulness. Although the early experimental studies supported the qualitative features of the model, quantitative agreement was poor. Recent studies are in better agreement with the theory. Even though the model was originally intended to deal with sharp interfaces, contemporary studies with suspensions also agree with the theory. Clearly the leaky dielectric model is more general than originally envisioned.