Electromotive Force Series of Metals in Fused Salts and Activities of Metal Chlorides in 1:1 Molar KCl-NaCl Solutions

Abstract

The potentials of a series of metal‐metal chloride systems in an equimolar mixture of molten potassium and sodium chlorides have been measured against a silver‐silver chloride reference electrode. An electromotive force series of metals at different temperatures has been established for this particular solvent. Experiments with a chlorine electrode have shown that the solutions of silver chloride in the solvent are ideal, and hence, deviations from ideality of the other chlorides in this solvent can be attributed directly to the formation of complexes in the melts. Three types of behavior have been observed for the salts studied in this solvent: ideality, and positive and negative deviations from ideality. The theoretical aspects of complex formation in melts are discussed.