Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management · 1993 · 170 citations · 25 references
Geographic Information SystemsHydrological ScienceEngineeringGeospatial ModelingErosion PredictionCatchment ScaleGis ApplicationsGeographyWatershed HydrologySurface-water HydrologyDigital RepresentationGeographic Information SciencesDigital Terrain ModelsHydrological ModelingHydrologyEarth ScienceSocial Sciences
GIS provide digital representations of watershed characteristics that underpin hydrologic modeling. This paper reviews past efforts and current trends in employing digital terrain models and GIS for hydrologic analyses. The review examines three geographic information storage methods—raster, triangulated irregular networks, and contour‑based line networks—evaluating their computational, geographic, and hydrologic properties, the integration of remotely sensed data, and the suitability of lumped, physics‑based, and hybrid hydrologic models for each data type. The authors highlight several application areas, including floodplain hydrology and erosion prediction, where GIS‑based hydrologic modeling has been applied.
Geographic information systems (GIS) provide a digital representation of watershed characteristics used in hydrologic modeling. This paper summarizes past efforts and current trends in using digital terrain models and GIS to perform hydrologic analyses. Three methods of geographic information storage are discussed: raster or grid, triangulated irregular network, and contour‐based line networks. The computational, geographic, and hydrologic aspects of each datastorage method are analyzed. The use of remotely sensed data in GIS and hydrologic modeling is reviewed. Lumped parameter, physics‐based, and hybrid approaches to hydrologic modeling are discussed with respect to their geographic data inputs. Finally, several applications areas (e.g., floodplain hydrology, and erosion prediction) for GIS hydrology are described.
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