Frontiers in Neurology · 2012 · 28 citations · 25 references
Life SciencesNeurologyNeuroscienceClinical NeuroscienceMotor NeuroscienceNeuromuscular DisordersBasal GangliaDeep Brain StimulationDopaminergic SignalingNeuromodulationNeurostimulationParkinsonian DisordersDopamine D2-like ReceptorsDopamine Receptor ImagingDopamine Receptor SignalingDopamine Receptor SubtypesDystonia PharmacotherapyDystonia TreatmentSurgical Outcomes In DystoniaSurgical Treatment Of Dystonia
PURPOSE: To assess clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pallidum in Myoclonus-Dystonia (M-D) patients, and to compare pre- and post-operative striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability. METHODS: Clinical parameters were scored using validated rating scales for myoclonus and dystonia. Dopamine D2 receptor binding of three patients was studied before surgery and approximately 2 years post-operatively using 123-I-iodobenzamide Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Two patients who did not undergo surgery served as controls. RESULTS: Clinically, the three M-D patients improved 83, 17, and 100%, respectively on the myoclonus rating scale and 78, 23, and 65% on the dystonia rating scale after DBS. Dopamine D2 receptor binding did not change after surgery. In the two control subjects, binding has lowered further. CONCLUSION: These findings confirm that DBS of the pallidum has beneficial effects on motor symptoms in M-D and suggest this procedure might stabilize dopamine D2 receptor binding.
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Validity and reliability of a rating scale for the primary torsion dystonias
Robert E. Burke, Stanley Fahn, C. D. Marsden et al. · Neurology · 1985 · 1.1K citations