Annual Review of Environment and Resources · 2004 · 1.1K citations · 137 references
Life SciencesEcologySoil SciencesGrazing ManagementSoil EcologyTerrestrial EcologyGrazing EcologyGrazing Impacts On SoilHydrologic Effects Of GrazingAtmosphere-biosphere InteractionsBiosphere ExchangeDryland EcosystemsEcological Effects Of GrazingGlobal Environmental ChangeGrazing Effects On Woody EncroachmentVegetation-atmosphere ExchangeWoody Vegetation Encroachment
▪ Abstract Managed grazing covers more than 25% of the global land surface and has a larger geographic extent than any other form of land use. Grazing systems persist under marginal bioclimatic and edaphic conditions of different biomes, leading to the emergence of three regional syndromes inherent to global grazing: desertification, woody encroachment, and deforestation. These syndromes have widespread but differential effects on the structure, biogeochemistry, hydrology, and biosphere-atmosphere exchange of grazed ecosystems. In combination, these three syndromes represent a major component of global environmental change.
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HUMAN ALTERATION OF THE GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE: SOURCES AND CONSEQUENCES
Peter M. Vitousek, John D. Aber, Robert W. Howarth et al. · Ecological Applications · 1997 · 5.4K citations