Carbon mitigation with biomass: An engineering, economic and policy assessment of opportunities and implications

Abstract

Forty-six women affected by late-onset or persistent acne were studied in order to investigate the frequency of hormonal abnormalities and polycystic ovaries. Hirsutism, perioral distribution of acne lesions and irregular menses were recorded. Hormonal measurements and ovarian echographies were performed. Twenty-four patients were affected with polycystic ovaries, detected by ultrasound scanning. Among the acne patients, the women with ovarian abnormalities had higher values of androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and luteinizing hormone (LH), and a higher LHT/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio than those with acne and without ovarian abnormalities. This study indicates the prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with late-onset or persistent acne. Moreover, hormonal abnormalities indicate a subgroup of acne patients defined by the presence of ovarian disorders.