Finite element calculation of three‐dimensional hot forging

Abstract

Abstract A three‐dimensional finite, element model for the simulation of isothermal hot forging is presented. The material behaviour is assumed to be incompressible visco‐plastic (Norton–Hoff law), with the associated friction law. The velocity field is calculated with a finite element approximation using eight node hexahedral or six node prismatic elements. An explicit Euler scheme is used for time integration. Simulations of compression of a cubic block and horizontal cylinder are performed. The computed results are compared with experimental measurements made on special Plasticine.