Decreased Cardiac Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptors in Insulin-Resistant and Diabetic States

Abstract

The results documented for the first time that differential regulation of VEGF and its receptors exist between microvascular and cardiac tissues, which can be regulated by insulin. These results provide a potential explanation for concomitant capillary leakage and neovascularization in the retina and inadequate collateral formation in the myocardium of insulin-resistant and diabetic patients.