Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in a general population: the Tromsø study

Abstract

Low serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased all-cause mortality for non-smokers, but the results did not reach statistical significance for smokers. However, low 25(OH)D levels are known to be associated with impaired general health, and randomized controlled studies are needed to address the question of causality.