Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 is increased in individuals before type 2 diabetes diagnosis but is not an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes: the Whitehall II study

Abstract

Baseline MIC-1 concentrations were increased, not decreased, in individuals before type 2 diabetes manifestation, but not independently associated with incident type 2 diabetes in multivariable analyses. This upregulation of MIC-1 could be part of an anti-inflammatory response preceding the onset of type 2 diabetes, which has been described before for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and TGF-beta1.