The Effect of pH on Thiosulfate Formation in a Biotechnological Process for the Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Gas Streams

Abstract

In a biotechnological process for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal from gas streams, operating at natronophilic conditions, formation of thiosulfate (S2O3(2-)) is unfavorable, as it leads to a reduced sulfur production. Thiosulfate formation was studied in gas-lift bioreactors, using natronophilic biomass at [Na+] + [K+] = 2 mol L(-1). The results show that at sulfur producing conditions, selectivity for S2O3(2-) formation mainly depends on the equilibrium between free sulfide (HS(-)) and polysulfide (Sx(2-)), which can be controlled via the pH. At pH 8.6, 21% of the total dissolved sulfide is present as Sx(2-) and selectivity for S2O3(2-) formation is 3.9-5.5%. At pH 10, 87% of the total dissolved sulfide is present as Sx(2-) and 20-22% of the supplied H2S is converted to S2O3(2-), independent of the H2S loading rate. Based on results of bioreactor experiments and biomass activity tests, a mechanistic model is proposed to describe the relation between S2O3(2-) formation and pH.