Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

TLDR

Adaptive governance is proposed as a suitable approach for ecosystem management in changing environments, based on viewing landscapes as complex social–ecological systems, though internal and external pressures continually challenge its adaptive capacity. The study aimed to compare three adaptive governance initiatives and their effects on natural capital and ecosystem services. The authors compared the initiatives by assessing their impacts on natural capital and ecosystem services. Compared with other conservation efforts, adaptive governance enhanced capacity to manage multiple ecosystem services, respond to ecosystem‑wide changes, and foster collaboration across diverse interests, sectors, and institutional arrangements.

Abstract

Significance Adaptive governance (AG) has been suggested as a suitable approach for ecosystem management in changing environments. It rests on the assumption that landscapes and seascapes need to be understood and governed as complex social–ecological systems rather than as ecosystems alone. We compared three AG initiatives and their effects on natural capital and ecosystem services. In comparison with other efforts aimed at conservation and sustainable use of natural capital, adaptive governance developed capacity to manage multiple ecosystem services and respond to ecosystem-wide changes and enabled collaboration across diverse interests, sectors, and institutional arrangements. Internal and external pressures continuously challenge the adaptive capacity of the initiatives.