<i>c</i> / <i>a</i> Ratio‐Dependent Energy‐Storage Density in (0.9−x) <scp> <scp> Bi _0.5 Na _0.5 TiO ₃ –xBaTiO ₃ –0.1K _0.5 Na _0.5 NbO ₃ </scp> </scp> Ceramics

Abstract

The (0.9−x) Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –xBaTiO 3 –0.1K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 [ BNBKN(x) , x = 0.060, 0.063, 0.066, and 0.069] ceramics were fabricated by the conventional sintering technique. The P – E hysteresis loops measured under 5 kV/mm at room temperature show that the BNBKN(0.063) ceramics obtain the maximum ( P s− P r) value of 20.6 μC/cm 2 and the largest energy‐storage density W of 0.424 J/cm 3 . In addition, calculation from the X‐ray diffraction results shows that the BNBKN(0.063) ceramics are featured with the largest c / a ratio of 0.70887. The W is observed to increase with the increase of the c / a ratio in the BNBKN( x ) ceramics. The c / a ratio can be regarded as a significant factor for W in the BNBKN( x ) ceramics.