Stress and tinnitus—from bedside to bench and back

TLDR

Tinnitus onset and progression are often associated with emotional strain. The review aims to focus clinicians and researchers on the association between psycho‑social stress and tinnitus. The review synthesizes evidence linking psycho‑social stress to tinnitus. Recent epidemiological and animal studies show a direct relationship between emotional status and tinnitus, suggesting that stress influences the auditory system and providing clues for improved diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract

The aim of this review is to focus the attention of clinicians and basic researchers on the association between psycho-social stress and tinnitus. Although tinnitus is an auditory symptom, its onset and progression often associates with emotional strain. Recent epidemiological studies have provided evidence for a direct relationship between the emotional status of subjects and tinnitus. In addition, studies of function, morphology, and gene and protein expression in the auditory system of animals exposed to stress support the notion that the emotional status can influence the auditory system. The data provided by clinical and basic research with use of animal stress models offers valuable clues for an improvement in diagnosis and more effective treatment of tinnitus.