Parametrization of momentum transport by convection. II: Tests in single‐column and general circulation models

Abstract

Abstract Diagnostics derived from cloud‐resolving‐model simulations in part I of this study, relating to the vertical transport of horizontal momentum by convection, are used to develop a parametrization of convective momentum‐transports for deep convection based upon the mass‐flux convection‐scheme discussed by Gregory and Rowntree. the importance of cloud pressure‐gradients to the flow within the cloud is emphasised, and a simple method of representing their effect is suggested. the scheme is able to reproduce the fluxes derived from the cloud‐resolving model studies where cloud organization by the flow is unimportant. Inclusion of the parametrization in a version of the Meteorological Office Unified Model demonstrates that convective momentum‐transports play a large role in the momentum balance of the atmosphere. Generally, simulation of the mean atmospheric circulation by the Unified Model is improved by the inclusion of such transports.