Estimation of Sodium Intake of Adult Female by 24-Hour Urine Analysis, Dietary Records and Dish Frequency Questionnaire (DFQ 55)

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study assesses the sodium intake of adults by 24-hour urine analysis, dietary records review and a food intake\nquestionnaire. Subjects were 236 adult female in Daegu. The results are summarized as follows: Sodium intake as\nindicated by the 24-hour urine analysis was 5,805.4 ± 3836.8 mg. This was significantly higher than intake indicated\nby dietary records (4415.4 ± 1935.1 mg) and the dish frequency questionnaire (DFQ 55)(4293.5 ± 1526.5 mg). The\nresults of the 24-hour urine analysis and DFQ 55 showed that sodium intake was higher for the 65-to-74-year-old age\ngroup than for other age groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). Review of dietary records to examine typical sodium intake by\nfood groups showed that 53.7% of the sodium consumed by subjects in all age groups came from seasonings and\nspices (2399.0 ± 1526.5 mg). The analysis of sodium intake by food groups using DFQ 55 showed 34.2% of their\nsodium came from consumption of kimchi (p < 0.001) and kimch, soup, stew and fish jorim accounted for 57.8% of\ntotal sodium intake. The results indicate positive correlation between age and sodium intake, as shown by the 24-hour\nurine analysis and food intake questionnaire (p < 0.05). Therefore, these results would be valuable as basic data for\nplanning nutrition education for sodium intake reduction. (Korean J Nutr 2010; 43(1): 79 ~ 85)\nKEY WORDS: sodium intake, 24-hour urine analysis, dietary record, dish frequency questionnaire.