Surgical epicardial left ventricular lead versus coronary sinus lead placement in biventricular pacing☆

Abstract

Surgical epicardial lead placement revealed excellent long-term results and a lower LV-related complication rate compared to CS-leads. Although, the approach via limited thoracotomy for biventricular pacing is associated with 'more surgery', it is a safe and reliable technique and should be considered as an equal alternative.