Low-dose tissue plasminogen activator in the management of anterior chamber fibrin formation

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the treatment of severe fibrinous anterior chamber reactions after intraocular surgery. SETTING: Ophthalmology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. METHODS: The study comprised routine surgical and postoperative cases selected in a nonrandomized fashion. Low-dose tPA infusion (0.2 mL of 125 microg/mL) was administered through a side-port in the anterior chamber in 25 patients with recent or long-standing fibrin formation after cataract extraction (n = 13), trabeculectomy (n = 5), combined procedure (n = 5), or penetrating keratoplasty (n = 2). Patients were treated 4 to 25 days postoperatively (mean 7 days). RESULTS: Fibrin lysis was observed 2 to 12 hours after tPA infusion. No hemorrhage or other complications occurred, and no further treatment was necessary in any patient. Three cases of delayed partial fibrin lysis resolved with intense topical steroid treatment. There were no recurrences over the 3-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose tPA was an effective and safe method for the management of anterior chamber fibrin formation. Treatment was well tolerated and gave excellent results with no complications.