Color space and its divisions

TLDR

The paper reviews current knowledge on color‑order systems and color‑difference evaluation, addressing issues such as color‑matching functions, unique hues, the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect, and lightness and chroma crispening, and the challenge of reconciling difference‑based models with Euclidean geometry. The authors propose a new lightness scale and a treatment of lightness crispening. They develop a colorimetric model using Munsell “Celtic crosses” as a perceptual space and incorporate the new lightness scale and crispening treatment. The study shows that relatively simple modified opponent‑color models achieve good accuracy in predicting color‑order system and supra‑threshold small color‑difference data despite inherent problems. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Col Res Appl, 26, 209–222, 2001.

Abstract

Abstract A synthesis of the author's recent work on color‐order systems and color‐difference evaluation is provided in context of current knowledge and practices. The development of a colorimetric model is demonstrated using Munsell “Celtic crosses” as a model of perceptual space. Issues surrounding color‐matching functions, unique hues, the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect, and lightness and chroma crispening are addressed, as is the difficulty of reconciling a difference‐based hue, chroma, lightness model with an Euclidean model. A new lightness scale and treatment of lightness crispening is proposed. The results indicate that, despite problems, relatively simple modified opponent‐color models provide good accuracy in predicting color‐order system and supra‐threshold small color‐difference data. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 209–222, 2001