Environmentally Friendly and Efficient Synthesis of Various 1,4-Dihydropyridines in Pure Water

Abstract

Abstract An environmentally friendly and efficient synthesis of a series of 1,4-dihydropyridines was developed by the practical one-pot reactions of aldehydes with ammonium acetate and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds such as alkyl acetoacetate, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, 1,3-cyclohexanedione, and 2,4-pentanedione in water without any additives under refluxing conditions.