Gender-based violence : the case of Vietnam

Abstract

It is difficult to measure domestic violence in Vietnam. Different people express different perceptions of what constitutes unacceptable abuse within the family context. For many, the occasional conflict is a normal part of family life. A large proportion of women and men also view a husband's occasional blow as a normal function of his role as head of the family and educator of the wife and children. Domestic violence occurs throughout Vietnam, in all regions, in both urban and rural areas, and in families of all income levels. Domestic violence rates vary, however, depending on these and other variables. The reason domestic violence exists is because of deep-rooted attitudes regarding socially and culturally prescribed roles, responsibilities and traits of men and women. It is generally assumed that women are responsible for maintaining peace and harmony within the family, and in family relations women are considered subordinate to men. Conversely, men are viewed as hot-tempered with less emotional control, traits that are exacerbated by the consumption of alcohol. Drinking is an accepted male characteristic, and is seen as a necessary part of men's role in representing their family socially. Although gender equality and freedom from violence are guaranteed under the law, attitudes perpetuating inequality and violence persist in most communities, and in institutions entrusted with overseeing and implementing the law.