Three-dimensional displacement fields measured in a deforming granular-media surface by combined fringe projection and speckle photography

Abstract

D displacement fields on a diffuse surface are measured by a combination of two optical methods, fringe projection and speckle photography. The use of a single camera for recording information from the two methods implies that no calibration procedures are necessary, as is the case in stereoscopy-based techniques. Out-of-plane displacements are measured by fringe projection whereas speckle photography yields the 2D in-plane component. By using this technique, we analyze in detail the morphological spatial-temporal evolution of an analogue model of the Earth's crust while subjected to compression forces. We discuss the experimental results and their relevance to the micromechanics of a surface of dry, non-cohesive and dilatant granular media. The results show that the combination of fringe projection and speckle photography is well suited for this type of study and allows the characterization of strain at the grain scale.