Birth Defects Research Part A Clinical and Molecular Teratology · 2004 · 48 citations · 35 references
We propose a model where ethanol disrupts the AER/ZPA positive feedback loop to induce postaxial malformations. Preaxial malformations seen at higher ethanol dosage suggest FGF8 as a critical target of ethanol in producing limb defects.
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Cyclopia and defective axial patterning in mice lacking Sonic hedgehog gene function
Chin Chiang, Ying Litingtung, Eric Lee et al. · Nature · 1996 · 3.1K citations
Ethanol-Induced Apoptotic Neurodegeneration and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Chrysanthy Ikonomidou, Petra Bittigau, Masahiko Ishimaru et al. · Science · 2000 · 1.4K citations
Brain Development, Deleterious Effects, Glutamate Receptors +17
L Wickstrom, K Pettersson · PubMed · 1964 · 1.2K citations