The expression of toll‐like receptors 3 and 7 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium is increased and costimulation of toll‐like receptors 3, 4, and 7/8 results in synergistic cytokine production by dendritic cells

Abstract

TLRs are involved in the regulation of DC activation and cytokine production. We hypothesize that various TLR ligands in the joint trigger multiple TLRs simultaneously, favoring the breakthrough of tolerance in RA.