Acute whiplash-associated disorders (WAD): the effects of early mobilization and prognostic factors in long-term symptomatology

Abstract

This home exercise programme, including training of neck and shoulder ROM, relaxation and general advice seems to be sufficient treatment for acute WAD patients when used on a daily basis. Additionally, patients reporting low self-efficacy and high disability levels may profit from more attention initially, as these psychological factors are significant predictors of pain at long-term follow-up.