2009 · 26 citations · 16 references
EngineeringAerospace EngineeringComputational EngineeringComputational Fluid DynamicsFluid DynamicsMultiphase FlowIce Crystal FormationIce DynamicsEngine IcingIce Accretion EffectsIce Crystal IcingIcing EffectsIcing SimulationIcing Wind Tunnel ExperimentsMechanical DamageMechanical Damage Assessment
A series of high-altitude turbofan engine malfunctions characterized by flameouts and rollbacks have been reported in recent years. The source of these incidents has been related to the presence of ice crystals at high altitudes and, consequently, to a dangerous ice build-up engine components found upstream. Ice can then shed and may cause mechanical damage and performance losses to downstream components. In order to provide a numerical tool to analyze such situations, FENSAP-ICE has been extended to model mixed-phase flows that combine air, water and ice crystals, and the related ice accretion. The approach is validated against test results from the Cox & Co. Icing Tunnel.
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